Both magic and miracle have to do with the supernatural. Both describe events that suspend, or operate outside, natural laws. But there is a difference in connotation.
Magic refers to something a human being does. The human being wears the talisman, says the magic words, intones the chant, throws eye of newt and toe of frog into the broth, and something happens. A mortal has tapped into supernatural forces and harnessed those forces to serve his or her will. The mortal, for the moment, acts as a kind of stage director, with supernatural forces acting as players in the drama he or she controls.
Miracle refers to something a deity does. If you are a being who holds supreme authority in a certain realm--either as god of the sea, or goddess of childbirth, or Creator of All Of It--it follows that you have the power to intervene directly in your realm if you choose. Maybe you've set things up so that water behaves a certain way or babies are made a certain way. You retain the power to cut the red tape any time you want. You can say 'Well,
this time let's roll the waters back' or '
This time a virgin should have the baby.' You suspend your natural laws, you get the thing done, and your action is termed a miracle. Mortals react as they will. They can cooperate with you, by walking through your parted waters or consenting to have your baby, or not. But the mortals do not control it.
Religions rooted in Judaism, including Christianity and Islam, affirm the possibility of miracles but carry prohibitions on the practice of magic. That's why some people are reluctant to equate the terms. For them it's a matter of who is directing the drama--the human being or God.
It's a difference worth paying attention to--
especially because the boundary between magic and miracle are often not so clearly cut. Believing that God answers prayer is not all that far removed from believing that God, when summoned, grants you your wish. Devotees often cross the boundary into magical belief.
For years theologians have regarded many folk practices--healing cloths, statues and religious emblems carried for luck or safety, religious relics reputed to have certain powers--as meeting the definition of magic. To the extent that these things represent attempts to harness supernatural powers for personal use, they are.
As it happens, many Pentecostals today are deeply interested in magic. I have heard some Pentecostals insist that certain requests of God, made under certain conditions,
require the deity to do what you ask. This is not only magical belief, it is magical belief of rare audacity. Many Pentecostals use words like 'Jesus' or 'Holy Spirit' or phrases such as 'Jesus rebuke you' as magic formulas. The words are thought to have talismanic power, like
abracadabra. The speaker who utters them automatically puts supernatural powers to work doing things the speaker wants. What makes all these things magic is that the mortals are in the driver's seat. It is they who order the room service; it is God who is the bellhop.
Archer