If we're going to try to draw parallels between this study and human economics, as you seem on the verge of doing, then it seems incorrect to identify these behaviors as most closely like bartering or free trade or capitalism.
It would be more accurate to describe this behavior as a sense of entitlement, ala socialism or welfare.
Because the chimps aren't setting up a free market or something, they're becoming distressed or recalcitrant when they observe somebody getting a better deal than themselves. If that's not a "class warfare" sort of behavior I don't know what is.
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