To answer these questions, I think we need to start out by addressing what impacts various climate systems have on humanity. Then we can find one that has the fewest negative impacts.
Problem is that this is a very narrow focus.
Turn the ocean into a dead sewer once the bottom of the food chain fails due to acidification (no more shell-fish etc).
Kill off 50% of the land ecosphere with droughts and floods. Extinctions are already on the rise -- how far can that go.
For an example of using energy and technology try building up to living in space self-contained -- that is what you would need to be able to do.
And maybe that is a good goal to pursue -- cut the umbilical cord and move out into space.
Enjoy
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