Archer Opterix writes:
In response to some of the things anglagard mentioned: safety is the deciding factor in most of the choices you mention. We're going back to the moon and on to Mars with technology everyone feels good about. Lockheed has extensive experience with re-entry and recovery technology, as I understand, as well as life-support systems.
In the short term, and as a first step toward a journey that should take many, I can see your point, and do not disagree. My point is that returning to the moon, just to say you landed there again, is not what I would like to see. I would prefer a vision that includes permanant, sustainable, occupation of the moon and the colonization of the space itself around the Earth as a longer term goal. So far, I have only seen vague pronouncements concerning such longer term goals. However, some of that may be understandable considering, in the case of the Moon, one will need to gather more data to determine what is potentially usable that can be extracted.
A big vessel with artificial gravity equals riskier technology, greater likelihood of delays, and cost overruns. It is also much less versatile than the Orion spacecraft. An important aspect of the Orion design is versatility. It can be used for plenty of things. It will ferry crews and supplies to the ISS and undertake lunar and interplanetary journeys. But the possibility exists that it could visit asteroids and make trips to service or re-orient the Hubble Telescope as well.
In the short term, and considering the factors you mention, I can see the rationale behind this initial move. However, sending people on multi-year missions to Mars, asteroids, and etc. is going to require artifical gravity and much larger living space than any ground-launched ship could provide, should such astronauts ever intend to return to Earth. Not only would years of weightlessness damage their bodies beyond the point of no return, but the physical and psycological needs of the crew would demand a large cargo and living space for such multi-year missions.
That said, no one plans to go to Mars using only an Orion ship. NASA will send the Orion with landers and habitat appropriate for the trip. The Ares V gives them the launch capability to put all kinds of things into orbit that can be docked with Orion and sent on.
As can be seen from the above, going to Mars using only an Orion ship is virtually impossible. My complaint is I have seen no detailed vision of how such a journey would be made.
As for using the ISS as an in-orbit assembly locale: my understanding is that the ISS is not set up for this. It is a function that was removed from ISS plans years ago.
An example of short-sightedness IMHO, equivalent to allowing Skylab to reenter the atmosphere instead of coughing up a million to keep it in orbit. Is it really cheaper to start from scratch everytime instead of using resources that already exist? It is counterintuitive to me, perhaps there are reasons I am unfamiliar with at present.
What you said about a moon base, though, is exactly what is being planned. The Orion project involves setting up moon bases to gain experience in living off the land farther from Earth. The new lunar lander uses methane fuel, in fact, because NASA is looking ahead. The natural environment on Mars promises to be an excellent source of methane.
That's good news, do you have further details?
It looks to me like they have a versatile, sensible design. I'm delighted we're going back.
The Orion project is good news for science.
I agree in general, and believe I understand your points. My concern is once we do land people on the Moon again, which has already been done, what happens next? You seem to have partially addressed some of this but I would like more details. Is there a plan for permanant habitation? Is it sustainable? how much will it cost and what are the benefits? Are there any plans for the current or any further space stations to act as intermediate points between the Earth and Moon so that vehicles requiring less energy and even greater versatility may be used between each point?
I think we are not so much in disagreement as you are speaking short term benefits while I am discussing longer term implications.
Unfortunately, I have seen the (hu)manned space exploration effort botched before due to a lack of vision. I think we would both agree that we don't want to see that happen again.