Register | Sign In


Understanding through Discussion


EvC Forum active members: 65 (9164 total)
6 online now:
Newest Member: ChatGPT
Post Volume: Total: 916,918 Year: 4,175/9,624 Month: 1,046/974 Week: 5/368 Day: 5/11 Hour: 2/0


Thread  Details

Email This Thread
Newer Topic | Older Topic
  
Author Topic:   Entropy and the immutable law of death
Modulous
Member
Posts: 7801
From: Manchester, UK
Joined: 05-01-2005


Message 4 of 83 (423361)
09-21-2007 2:02 PM
Reply to: Message 1 by Hyroglyphx
09-21-2007 1:08 PM


mortality
First off the bat: The law of death has been discussed here before, it might be useful to take a look to remind ourselves of that exchange: Message 5.
An excellent point. Yet classical entropy would assert that as long as energy is being introduced/replenished, a system won't deteriorate.
No - classical entropy would not assert that. Classical entropy would say that as long as workable energy is added into the system at an equal or greater rate than the amount of workable energy is leaving the system, then there will remain a steady amount of workable energy in the system.
It doesn't say that the system won't deteriorate. If the workable energy is doing work, then that work may well continue being done, depending on how the energy is put into the system.
Yes, when we eat, we gain new energy, which is ultimately supplied by the sun. At some point, though, we are still dying in a very real sense, no matter how hard we try.
As discussed above: we aren't dying like a machine that wears out is dying. Our cells are making clones, the clones aren't exact - they change according to DNA, so that we develop, grow older and die. We die because there is no selective pressure on the system to change it so that we live longer.
Aside from which, the introduction of energy is not a sort of catch all reason for why life exists to begin with.
Only folk like Hovind say that kind of thing - scientists don't say 'life got here because of the introduction of energy'. Without energy, there'd be no life - but energy is not the only thing required and no scientist has said otherwise.
For example: Sunlight blasts our roofs all of the time. The introduction of that energy certainly isn't improving the roof, now is it? In fact, it could be said that it is actually slowly deteriorating and dilapidating the roof. However, if we were to place solar panels on the roof, now we have a mechanism which converts that raw energy in to useful energy.
I even remember the slides Hovind used to pull up, with peeling car paint and roofs, followed by solar panels. Heh. Anyway, yes - obviously workable energy can be used to do work in destroying paint - as well as giving us cancer. It can be used to do other things too, like generate electricity, wind, melt ice and form clouds, it can be used to warm up a catalyst in a chemical environment so that certain types of reaction can take place.
Workable energy is great!
And yet, the plant will die regardless at some point.
The big question is, why?
The link above I gave should answer that question. Let me do it again here. Let us assume that x is how long a plant lives assuming it never dies of old age. We can assume x is not infinite since the plant is likely to die of other things long before an infinite amount of time has passed. Let us say that after 5 years the plant is almost certainly going to have been eaten, starved to death, frozen in a harsh winter, or some other plantish type of death.
Now - let us assume plants do die of old age. Let us assume that system is in place that is in charge of the development and cycle of the plant. We also assume that this system was generated through evolutionary means. The conclusion we reach here is that the system is unlikely to develop in such a way so as to provide the plant with infinite life (assuming not getting killed or starving etc) since it will eventually die through some other measure anyway. Such a system is not needed, and thus: the system of growth comes to an end and the plant now has a maximum lifespan imposed upon it.
Death... It happens. There is nothing that stops it. Life in the physical is intimately tied in to death in every way. Its a constant. And its as true of an immutable law as the 2LoT is. Why then is their not a specific name for it?
There are various 'laws of Mortality' such as Gompertz-Makeham law of mortality or the Compensation law of mortality and the proposed Universal mortality law.
Well, this is where evo's and creo's get to arguing. One side is arguing about thermodynamic entropy, while the other side is arguing about the other kind of entropy which stipulates that all systems tend towards disorder. Maintenance of that system only slows the inevitable process.
Yes, systems tend towards disorder. Systems tend towards the most probable state. That's the thermodynamic entropy - and it's not really different than the second. Any other laws are generally pulled out of someone's ass. The issue that escapes 'creos' is that work can be done to change the tendency temporarily. That is what is happening on earth. The problem might be that creos see the earth as the be all and end all whereas 'evos' see the earth (and especially life on it) as a tiny tiny blip on universal time scales. Yes, eventually the tendency for disorder will be realized and life will end. Either because the fuel will run out, or the atmosphere becomes too toxic. Whatever the cause - life is going to become extinct, and relatively soon.
So evolution, biology - doesn't go against these laws in anyway - they conform to it with a bloody mindedness that is frankly, indifferent. We are all going to die - life will come to an end, and there will be nothing to remember us by.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 1 by Hyroglyphx, posted 09-21-2007 1:08 PM Hyroglyphx has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 6 by Hyroglyphx, posted 09-21-2007 2:33 PM Modulous has replied

  
Modulous
Member
Posts: 7801
From: Manchester, UK
Joined: 05-01-2005


Message 8 of 83 (423374)
09-21-2007 3:24 PM
Reply to: Message 6 by Hyroglyphx
09-21-2007 2:33 PM


Re: mortality
You must have a memory like an elephant
Hehe - it's a knack. Not much of a useful one, but Percy has harnessed it. You know when the search engine here doesn't work? It's because I'm sleeping.
If there is an abundant supply of energy, why must we die?
The question really should be - why should we live forever? We die because we are a delicate piece of kit that can get broken very easily. We are after all a bag of chemicals (mostly water), disturbing that bag significantly can interrupt all those chemical processes that are called life. Without them, there is no life.
We die because we are killed or die of old age. We die of old age for the reasons I gave.
And why is not such a prevailing, constant law, such as this, named?
It has been named mortality.
I want to know why this remains unnamed, and couldn't this reasonably be considered entropy, even if we are not directly discussing thermodynamics as Klyce as gone and described?
It isn't entropy because we aren't one thing. If we were made up of cells that never cloned themselves those cells would eventually break down through damage or whatever and you can call that 'entropy' of a sort if you like. However, the cells reproduce - meaning that we are not the same stuff we were 20 years ago. That stuff as degraded, worn out etc long long ago. Ageing then, is not entropic.
That's not true. The general speculation about how life began simply and ambiguously starts with energy.
No - it requires certain chemicals and often a catalyst of some kind is postulated. Energy is also needed, but is not the only thing. The workable energy is needed to do work, otherwise the system reverts to its most thermodynamically probable state.
Well, for however misguided most people think of him, he's right about that.
So he knows some examples of workable energy being used for causing certain chemical reactions that we define as 'damage'. That does not mean all chemical reactions fuelled by energy would be regarded as 'damage'.
Isn't that evidence of irreducible complexity? You can't have one without the other, since raw energy does nothing without something to convert it.
Not irreducible complexity no. Raw energy doesn't do a lot until it interacts with something, then work happens. What that work is, depends on the interaction. It might be classed as destructive or constructive. The 'conversion' you speak of is just interaction of energy.
But why must it be without invoking this principle of "logical entropy" described by Klyce which is separate of Boltzmann's constant?
But how does entropy of information come into at all?
But this model only goes in to how mortality rates can be quantified with specific reasons of death. I'm curious to know why it is that while we continue to supply new energy, that we still die anyhow, no matter how we try.
We grow and develop because of our DNA. Our DNA develops us from blastocyst to embryo to child to adult to elderly to dead. It does this because there is no reason for it not to. I'll try and word it in a way an IDist might, though I don't necessarily agree with it:
In order for the information in DNA to change so that we don't age as rapidly some 'logical work' is needed to be done, similar to the work that needs to be done to overcome thermodynamic tendencies. Since we are likely to be killed by predators or starve to death at some point, being able to develop for a thousand years is not much better than living as only developing as long as is needed. The amount of 'logical work' that can be done decreases the longer we want to increase lifespan. So we have a lot of logical work to keep us alive until we are 16, there is a little less logical work available to get us to 40 and a lot less to get us to 60, almost no work available to get to 100 and basically no logical work to get much beyond that. Logical work is done by natural selection and is normally called 'selection pressure'
Think about it like this. Let us assume a world exists where the only death is through car accidents (and old age) and everybody drives. Let us say, the average person gets into a fatal accident once every 150 years. How would DNA evolve to develop these beings for 500 years? DNA that develops them for 200 years would be almost exactly as succssful. Indeed - the older we postulate - the more likely it is that the being will never survive to that age. The probability of survival goes down by the year. 70% of people don't survive past 150 years or so, 90% will be dead not long after that.
Let us say that a mutant came along whose DNA allowed to live for 500 years. What is the probability that this will ever be exploited? Very small. If this being survived to 500, they'd have lots of children - let us say 40. Let us say that half of them do not inherit the long life genes. Do they have an disadvantage over their kin? A tiny one - and it will probably not make a difference - the disadvantaged kin will still be able to reproduce, and will in all probability do so about the same amount as the long lifers (since the long lifers are still massively likely to die by the time they reach 150 anyway).
There is thus no selective pressure to continue developing for that long.
Life doesn't just work towards creating an adult, and then maintaining that adult - it develops the body continuously over time, but not forever since there is no reason it should and doing so would require mutating in a way that won't make a significant difference - and it makes less difference as the time factor gets larger. Eventually the difference any mutation would make is so small that it is overwhelmed by the forces of chance (ie getting into a fatal car accident).
The inevitable cell-death will afflict us all. Could not this law be attributed in entropic terms-- that all things tend toward disorder? And what exactly prevents this disorder while we are still maturing before adulthood?
The 'disorder' affects us as children as much as it does adults. Hopefully I have explained sufficiently that this process is all part of development.
What biological systems determine these things?
DNA determines what proteins/enzymes are produced and basically when. As the being gets older, different chemicals are manufactured. Eventually their comes a point when the chemicals being produced aren't quite the right ones, or not as much of them - the DNA is doing what it says to do, but that DNA doesn't have a lot of selection driving it towards making a spritely young and strong body - so it doesn't bother.
Would you be inclined to agree with Klyce that much confusion may be averted if we simply understood one another through the naming of a new law?
No. Why not name a new law now, describe it and try to avert confusion? I think the confusion can best averted by studying the subject. There are theories of sensecence and mortality, why not stick with those?
Edited by Modulous, : No reason given.
Edited by Modulous, : No reason given.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 6 by Hyroglyphx, posted 09-21-2007 2:33 PM Hyroglyphx has not replied

  
Modulous
Member
Posts: 7801
From: Manchester, UK
Joined: 05-01-2005


Message 24 of 83 (423640)
09-23-2007 12:48 PM
Reply to: Message 23 by Hyroglyphx
09-23-2007 12:37 PM


Re: Spontaneous generation?
Are you alleging that life comes from non-life, PaulK? If so, I would very much like to see some incontrovertible evidence.
I'd like to know where else life could come from?
How is that a "creationist fallacy?" Its absolutely true, whether "creationists" assert it or not.
Abiogenesis is the study of the possible ways that life originated on earth - how we went from a pre-biotic world to a biotic one. Pasteur was not studying the origins of life on earth, just the origins of life on rotting stuff (to simplify).

This message is a reply to:
 Message 23 by Hyroglyphx, posted 09-23-2007 12:37 PM Hyroglyphx has not replied

  
Modulous
Member
Posts: 7801
From: Manchester, UK
Joined: 05-01-2005


Message 31 of 83 (425927)
10-04-2007 3:03 PM
Reply to: Message 29 by jar
09-25-2007 11:01 AM


Re: The Answers.
...the random mutation that would do it simply hasn't happened.
Even if had - it would provide almost no selective advantage whatsoever, since organisms rarely get to an old age.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 29 by jar, posted 09-25-2007 11:01 AM jar has not replied

  
Modulous
Member
Posts: 7801
From: Manchester, UK
Joined: 05-01-2005


Message 51 of 83 (433510)
11-12-2007 11:20 AM
Reply to: Message 48 by ChemEbeaver
11-12-2007 1:43 AM


Re: misconception of entropy
I assure you living organism (systems) always does this. Evolution is the process, or change, living organisms undergo in genotype and (leading to change in) phenotype.
A living organism doesn't evolve, in the sense used in the science of biological evolution.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 48 by ChemEbeaver, posted 11-12-2007 1:43 AM ChemEbeaver has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 56 by ChemEbeaver, posted 11-12-2007 4:55 PM Modulous has replied

  
Modulous
Member
Posts: 7801
From: Manchester, UK
Joined: 05-01-2005


Message 65 of 83 (433833)
11-13-2007 2:23 AM
Reply to: Message 56 by ChemEbeaver
11-12-2007 4:55 PM


Re: misconception of entropy
I was saying that living organisms ARE systems, and therefore CAN undergo change in entropy.
Which nobody is disputing. You said 'A Process is a naturally occurring or designed sequence of changes of properties or attributes of an object or system' and that therefore evolution is a process. A process happens to a system, not a process happens to a population of systems over time.
One living organism is a system - thus a process can occur. Many living organisms is not a system. Since individuals do not evolve, a population of evolving species is not undergoing a process. As you linked to wiki:
Process (science), a method or event that results in a transformation in a physical or biological object, a substance or an organism.
You'll note how a population (the thing that evolves) is not included.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 56 by ChemEbeaver, posted 11-12-2007 4:55 PM ChemEbeaver has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 69 by ChemEbeaver, posted 11-13-2007 3:15 PM Modulous has replied

  
Modulous
Member
Posts: 7801
From: Manchester, UK
Joined: 05-01-2005


Message 70 of 83 (433915)
11-13-2007 3:31 PM
Reply to: Message 69 by ChemEbeaver
11-13-2007 3:15 PM


Re: misconception of entropy
But the definition of process is besides my point (have been a lot of sidetracking). My point is everything (even in nature) must obey the laws of thermodynamics and you can use chemistry to explain.
All reactions within biology must obey the laws of thermodynamics, nobody denies that. Evolution is just a description of heritable traits within populations, not a sequence of chemical reactions.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 69 by ChemEbeaver, posted 11-13-2007 3:15 PM ChemEbeaver has not replied

  
Newer Topic | Older Topic
Jump to:


Copyright 2001-2023 by EvC Forum, All Rights Reserved

™ Version 4.2
Innovative software from Qwixotic © 2024