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this little scenario here completely and utterly destroys the arkathon instant light before the fall (or whenever) theory
Afraid not. Now in science of the stars, they say we have a lot of complications, factors, and anomilies, and such. In a concept like the 'split' one, it seems somewhat less complicated. Nevertheless it seems you found a little wrinkle.
I would see the supernova as happening post split. So, for most of the stars, we would have had Adam seeing them in the garden, as the light was S light. Then, afterwards, the new light then, coming to take it's place, more or less. Here's the wrinkle - The bible tells us in a certain period in particular, (endtime) there will be 'signs in the sky'. Lots of them, so I guess they would 'already' have happened, as our understanding of time goes at least, and the light is on it's way that we'll see soon. In history there have been some of these heavenly signs as well, first thing that comes to mind is the three scientists of their day, who followed such a sign to Bethlehem!
One property of spirtiual light is not that it travels fast, but that it 'can' travel fast. Any way it feels like, or God orders, or wants it to. If we think of an angel, he would not be 'flying all the time', but could get somewhere in a hurry if need be. So I don't know if some 'coding' was involved, where some light was to have a delay, and designed to be seen at a certain time.
The other possibility I can see is, say S light speed was all 'instant' all the time, then, here is how I could arrange things if I were God.
If I wanted a sign in the heaven, such as a supernova to arrive in, say, 1987, (maybe to denote an important event, like the beginning of the rise of a leader, say)- all I do is set it off, so the fireworks happen on cue, or in the right time. Since the event has to take place in a 'universe', now with only P light, I would have to set it in progress within the several thousand years of creation, if I decided only on that. Otherwise, I would use the S light, before split, and have it delayed, so it would arrive precisely on time, or be visible to men, in their light.
If I set off a fireworks show, I have some things go off in sequence, and some that take a little longer for effect! Just when viewers think the show was over, boom, surprise, a grand finale!
Now that makes the universe a more alive, exciting, vibrant, wonderful place! Not just a 'graveyard' of dead, ancient bygone happenstance explosions!
The nice thing about the whole split thing (besides it getting back together one day) is that it very much includes a creator, and spirits, and prophesy, etc. etc.
Hope that helps