Transition from chemistry to biology

Hmm. No life was on earth 4,200,000,000 years ago.Life is all over earth now.Your bare assertion appears to be wrong.

I would imagine that this was written before it was known that carbonyl sulfide, a gas emitted by volcanos, catalyzes the polymerization of amino acids in water. (Leman, et al., Science vol 306, pp 283-286 2004). And maybe before, or in ignorance of, hypotheses about early amino acid polymerization happening on occasionally-wet rocks or inside lipid droplets.And please, traste, put a space after punctuation marks. It will make your writing much easier to read. You won't waste any paper, either - just space on a screen.

Nonsense. Tell Dr Miller, Dr Orgel, Dr Szostak, or any of their hundreds of colleagues and students who have done thousands of experiments on abiogenisis toplcs that. They will laugh at your ignorance.

---

"The wretched world lies now under the tyranny of foolishness; things are believed by Christians of such absurdity as no one ever could aforetime induce the heathen to believe." - Agobard of Lyons, ca. 830 AD