You ask for examples in which the Bible uses the phrase three days and three nights when only 36 hours are involved. You also want examples where three days and three nights is derived from a small portion of daylight on one day and one full day; plus, two nights You won't find it.
The word "and" in three days and three nights prevents the amount of time being anything less than 72 hours.
Most young kids know that three days and three nights require three periods of dark and three periods of light Look at Gen chapter one.
I don't: know of anyone who who leaves late on Friday and plans to return on Sunday who would use the term. "I'll be back in three days and three nights. It's absurd
The word "and" (Kai) is a copulative/cumulative force. It unites/joins what comes after with what comes before. Furthermore, Kai means plus; also; both; in addition; and, etc....
So (houto) in verse 40 (for as Jonah was three days and three nights in the whale's belly; So (houto) shall the Son of man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth
Houto simply means "in this way/ manner; referring to what precedes or follows.
Read Mat 12:38-40 very, very carefully. The sign offered as proof that Jesus was the Messiah was not the resurrection; although, this was the culmination of it.
The actual sign was the amount of time that He would remain the tomb. If He did not remain in the tomb for three days and three nights, by His own admission , He is to be dismissed as our savior
Mat 27:63 and Mark 8:31 states that Jesus would rise "after" (meta) three days. Meta denotes accomplishment and sequence. The entire three days had to be completed (accomplished) before Christmas would rise.
Christ rose exactly at the very second that three days was ending. A mere second longer would not have been on the third day.