Well, off the top of my head -- without doing any further research on the phylogeny of these taxa -- just look at the names and apply standard taxonomic naming schemes.
Pinus aristata and Pinus longaeva would be two separate species, according to taxonomic naming system. They belong to the same genus, Pinus. But since they differ in the second part of their name, they'd belong to different species.
Contrast this with Homo sapiens sapiens and Homo sapiens neanderthalensis (used by some anthropologists to describe the Neanderthal lineage); here, modern humans and Neanderthals belong to the same species but different subspecies.
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