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Author Topic:   Genesis "kinds" may be Nested Hierarchies.
Dredge
Member
Posts: 2850
From: Australia
Joined: 09-06-2016


Message 166 of 218 (825264)
12-10-2017 9:11 PM
Reply to: Message 164 by Percy
12-06-2017 4:32 PM


A description of a fire-breathing monster ("leviathan") is given in the book of Job 40:20 - 41:25. Sounds pretty much like a dragon to me.
Job 40
20 Canst thou draw out the leviathan with a hook, or canst thou tie his tongue with a cord?
21 Canst thou put a ring in his nose, or bore through his jaw with a buckle?
22 Will he make many supplications to thee, or speak soft words to thee?
23 Will he make a covenant with thee, and wilt thou take him to be a servant for ever?
24 Shalt thou play with him as with a bird, or tie him up for thy handmaids?
25 Shall friends cut him in pieces, shall merchants divide him?
26 Wilt thou fill nets with his skin, and the cabins of fishes with his head?
27 Lay thy hand upon him: remember the battle, and speak no more.
28 Behold his hope shall fail him, and in the sight of all he shall be cast down.
Job 41
I will not stir him up, like one that is cruel: for who can resist my countenance?
2 Who hath given me before that I should repay him? All things that are under heaven are mine.
3 I will not spare him, nor his mighty words, and framed to make supplication.
4 Who can discover the face of his garment? or who can go into the midst of his mouth?
5 Who can open the doors of his face? his teeth are terrible round about.
6 His body is like molten shields, shut close up with scales pressing upon one another.
7 One is joined to another, and not so much as any air can come between them:
8 They stick one to another and they hold one another fast, and shall not be separated.
9 His sneezing is like the shining of fire, and his eyes like the eyelids of the morning.
10 Out of his mouth go forth lamps, like torches of lighted fire.
11 Out of his nostrils goeth smoke, like that of a pot heated and boiling.
12 His breath kindleth coals, and a flame cometh forth out of his mouth.
13 In his neck strength shall dwell, and want goeth before his face.
14 The members of his flesh cleave one to another: he shall send lightnings against him, and they shall not be carried to another place.
15 His heart shall be as hard as a stone, and as firm as a smith's anvil.
16 When he shall raise him up, the angels shall fear, and being affrighted shall purify themselves.
17 When a sword shall lay at him, it shall not be able to hold, nor a spear, nor a breastplate.
18 For he shall esteem iron as straw, and brass as rotten wood.
19 The archer shall not put him to flight, the stones of the sling are to him like stubble.
20 As stubble will he esteem the hammer, and he will laugh him to scorn who shaketh the spear.
21 The beams of the sun shall be under him, and he shall strew gold under him like mire.
22 He shall make the deep sea to boil like a pot, and shall make it as when ointments boil.
23 A path shall shine after him, he shall esteem the deep as growing old.
24 There is no power upon earth that can be compared with him who was made to fear no one.
25 He beholdeth every high thing, he is king over all the children of pride.
Edited by Dredge, : No reason given.
Edited by Dredge, : No reason given.

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jar
Member (Idle past 393 days)
Posts: 34026
From: Texas!!
Joined: 04-20-2004


(1)
Message 167 of 218 (825265)
12-10-2017 9:19 PM
Reply to: Message 166 by Dredge
12-10-2017 9:11 PM


The Hobbit has a far better description of a dragon, certainly one more believable then thinking Job is talking of a dragon.

My Sister's Website: Rose Hill Studios My Website: My Website

This message is a reply to:
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Coyote
Member (Idle past 2105 days)
Posts: 6117
Joined: 01-12-2008


Message 168 of 218 (825266)
12-10-2017 10:49 PM
Reply to: Message 167 by jar
12-10-2017 9:19 PM


The Hobbit has a far better description of a dragon, certainly one more believable then thinking Job is talking of a dragon.
Exactly!
I pointed out the same thing just upthread in Message 158.
But there was no response to my comment. Maybe your's will draw a response.
Edit to add:
It does not pay a prophet to be too specific. ...
L. Sprague de Camp
Edited by Coyote, : Add quote re: prophets

Religious belief does not constitute scientific evidence, nor does it convey scientific knowledge.
Belief gets in the way of learning--Robert A. Heinlein
In the name of diversity, college student demands to be kept in ignorance of the culture that made diversity a value--StultisTheFool
It's not what we don't know that hurts, it's what we know that ain't so--Will Rogers
If I am entitled to something, someone else is obliged to pay--Jerry Pournelle
If a religion's teachings are true, then it should have nothing to fear from science...--dwise1
"Multiculturalism" demands that the US be tolerant of everything except its own past, culture, traditions, and identity.
Liberals claim to want to give a hearing to other views, but then are shocked and offended to discover that there are other points of view--William F. Buckley Jr.

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Tangle
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Posts: 9489
From: UK
Joined: 10-07-2011
Member Rating: 4.9


(4)
Message 169 of 218 (825268)
12-11-2017 5:28 AM


Trolling apart, it's sort of interesting to compare the standard of evidence required to form a view.
A book - or rather a section of a book - written by unknown people somewhere around 2,500 years ago based on spoken legend mentions a mythical beast and this becomes good evidence for the existence of fire-breathing, flying dragons.
But 300 years of evidence-based endeavour by science building the physiolgical structure of life on earth from real, objective, reproducible tangible fact is dismissed in a hand wave.
That's the end of it really, non-overlapping magisteria.

Je suis Charlie. Je suis Ahmed. Je suis Juif. Je suis Parisien. I am Mancunian. I am Brum. I am London.I am Finland. Soy Barcelona
"Life, don't talk to me about life" - Marvin the Paranoid Android
"Science adjusts it's views based on what's observed.
Faith is the denial of observation so that Belief can be preserved."
- Tim Minchin, in his beat poem, Storm.

  
Percy
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Posts: 22388
From: New Hampshire
Joined: 12-23-2000
Member Rating: 5.2


Message 170 of 218 (825271)
12-11-2017 8:19 AM
Reply to: Message 166 by Dredge
12-10-2017 9:11 PM


A description of a fire-breathing monster ("leviathan") is given in the book of Job 40:20 - 41:25. Sounds pretty much like a dragon to me.
Job 40
20 Canst thou draw out the leviathan with a hook, or canst thou tie his tongue with a cord?
...
etc...
A leviathan is a sea monster. The Bible uses the term "dragon" to refer to Satan.
But you are drifting off-topic and ignoring the point under discussion. You said, "When one of their fossils is discovered, evolutionists will have to fit it somehow into their mythical Tree of Life," and the answer remains the same. When the fossil of a dragon or minotaur or griffin or crocoduck is discovered then it will throw a major monkey wrench into the theory of evolution. Just finding a rabbit fossil in the Cambrian would do the same.
--Percy

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RAZD
Member (Idle past 1404 days)
Posts: 20714
From: the other end of the sidewalk
Joined: 03-14-2004


Message 171 of 218 (825275)
12-11-2017 9:59 AM
Reply to: Message 170 by Percy
12-11-2017 8:19 AM


When the fossil of a dragon or minotaur or griffin or crocoduck is discovered ...
Fossils of dragons have been found. They are called ...
quote:
Pleisiosaurs (wiki):
Restored skeleton of Plesiosaurus
Fossils of griffins have also been found. They are called ...
quote:
Protoceratops (wiki):
Mounted P. andrewsi skeleton, Carnegie Museum of Natural History
Earlier reconstructions made some errors ...
But these creatures fit neatly into the nested hierarchies, complete with homologies with ancestral species and descendent species (note that these are families, so there are a few varieties/versions of each).
Enjoy
Edited by RAZD, : .

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Granny Magda
Member
Posts: 2462
From: UK
Joined: 11-12-2007
Member Rating: 4.0


(2)
Message 172 of 218 (825288)
12-11-2017 2:47 PM
Reply to: Message 171 by RAZD
12-11-2017 9:59 AM


Hi RAZD, hope you are well.
I have to sound a note of scepticism here; I don't think that stories of dragons and griffins are based upon fossils.
The notion that dragons were inspired by dinosaur or marine reptile bones has little to no evidence for it. Insofar as dinosaur fossils were associated with dragons, it seems just as likely that it was the other way around, i.e. someone looked at a fossil and it reminded them of pre-existing stories about dragons.
The protoceratops origin for griffins is extremely dubious. The usual version of this tale is that griffins were based upon the protoceratops fossils found by Scythian gold-miners and that griffin-lore entered Greek culture when those cultures first came into contact. The problem with this is that griffin iconography pre-dates this by some thousands of years. Lots of ancient Near East cultures depicted griffins and they definitely weren't inspired by Mongolian fossils.
There's a good essay on this topic here; Why Protoceratops almost certainly wasn't the inspiration for the griffin legend.
Personally, I find the dragon connection tenuous and I definitely don't believe the griffin theory. I think that these are simply imaginary monsters, exaggerated, mythic versions of real animals. The griffin in particular seems to be just an animal chimera. I don't see any particularly strong to need to explain these stories beyond the fact that people have very rich imaginations. As a keen Dungeons and Dragons player, I know just how hard it is to imagine a new monster that isn't essentially some combination of elements taken from existing organisms and I think that's all that's going on here. I think that people have been creating imaginary animal mash-ups for a long time and I think that when the Greeks said that a griffin was a combination of a bird and a big cat, they meant exactly that.
Mutate and Survive

On two occasions I have been asked, — "Pray, Mr. Babbage, if you put into the machine wrong figures, will the right answers come out?" ... I am not able rightly to apprehend the kind of confusion of ideas that could provoke such a question. - Charles Babbage

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Taq
Member
Posts: 9970
Joined: 03-06-2009
Member Rating: 5.6


Message 173 of 218 (825296)
12-11-2017 4:13 PM
Reply to: Message 172 by Granny Magda
12-11-2017 2:47 PM


Granny Magda writes:
I have to sound a note of scepticism here; I don't think that stories of dragons and griffins are based upon fossils.
I tend to think the same thing. Large animals in distant countries seems like a much better source for these legends. For example, here is an early depiction of St. George slaying a dragon:
It isn't much of a stretch to conclude that dragons could have been influenced by 5th hand stories about large snakes or crocodiles.

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AlexCaledin
Member (Idle past 412 days)
Posts: 64
From: Samara, Russia
Joined: 10-22-2016


Message 174 of 218 (825311)
12-12-2017 12:02 PM


Nowadays, the "elemental spirits" are playing the game of strictly scientific reality, but it's not so in those old times, there could well be unscientific dragons and things.

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caffeine
Member (Idle past 1024 days)
Posts: 1800
From: Prague, Czech Republic
Joined: 10-22-2008


Message 175 of 218 (825316)
12-12-2017 4:39 PM
Reply to: Message 173 by Taq
12-11-2017 4:13 PM


It isn't much of a stretch to conclude that dragons could have been influenced by 5th hand stories about large snakes or crocodiles.
Just down the road from me you can see the skull of the dragon slain by George. It's in a castle where it has supposedly been displayed as such since the Middle Ages. It looks similar to this:
(although to be fair the skull's provenance is a little unclear, and there's a school of thought that the story of it being displayed as a dragon's skull centuries ago is itself a modern myth).

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CRR
Member (Idle past 2242 days)
Posts: 579
From: Australia
Joined: 10-19-2016


Message 176 of 218 (825322)
12-13-2017 3:29 AM
Reply to: Message 1 by Dredge
09-28-2017 5:17 AM


Kinds and Nested Hierarchies
Hello Dredge, I've been away for a while.
Dredge writes:
Creationist Literalists are often critiqued for not being able to define what "kinds" are.
First, Creationists are not Literalists! Rather, the key to a correct understanding of any part of the Bible is to ascertain the intention of the author of the portion or book under discussion. This is not as difficult as it may seem, as the Bible obviously contains: Poetry, Parables, Prophecy, Letters, Biography, History, Wisdom, etc.
The author’s intention with respect to any book of the Bible is usually quite clear from the style and the content. The key to understanding the biblical text is to take into account the historical and literary context. This can be done by employing historical-grammatical exegesis.
Should Genesis be taken literally - creation.com
The Bible and hermeneutics - creation.com
Next, biologists have trouble defining what a species is! There are many definitions of Species ( 26+). Similarly there can be several different definitions of Kind. Creationists have given definitions of Kind but no definition will please everyone; especially if they're looking for something to criticise. Here is one definition;
quote:
Groups of living organisms belong in the same created "kind" if they have descended from the same ancestral gene pool. This does not preclude new species because this represents a partitioning of the original gene pool. Information is lost or conservednot gained. A new species could arise when a population is isolated and inbreeding occurs. By this definition a new species is not a new "kind" but a further partitioning of an existing "kind".
Bible Search and Study Tools - Blue Letter Bible
Dredge writes:
I would like to suggest the possibility that "kinds" actually refers to what are known by biologists as "nested hierarchies".
Yes. The species belonging to one kind will form a nested hierarchy rooted at the original created kind (Genesis Kind). The group of all living and extinct forms of life descended from an original created kind will form a holobaramin.
The mistake that many evolutionists make is to extrapolate beyond this to infer universal common ancestry.
Edited by CRR, : add ... (Genesis Kind).

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Pressie
Member
Posts: 2103
From: Pretoria, SA
Joined: 06-18-2010


Message 177 of 218 (825325)
12-13-2017 6:50 AM
Reply to: Message 176 by CRR
12-13-2017 3:29 AM


Re: Kinds and Nested Hierarchies
So, do you mean that all tetrapods belong in the same holobaramin?
Edited by Pressie, : No reason given.

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Pressie
Member
Posts: 2103
From: Pretoria, SA
Joined: 06-18-2010


Message 178 of 218 (825326)
12-13-2017 7:08 AM
Reply to: Message 176 by CRR
12-13-2017 3:29 AM


Re: Kinds and Nested Hierarchies
Hi CRR.
In your definition I saw the following:
CRR writes:
...Information is lost or conservednot gained...
Could you tell us how you measure genetic information to know whether genetic information is lost or conserved?

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Taq
Member
Posts: 9970
Joined: 03-06-2009
Member Rating: 5.6


Message 179 of 218 (825334)
12-13-2017 11:07 AM
Reply to: Message 176 by CRR
12-13-2017 3:29 AM


Re: Kinds and Nested Hierarchies
CRR writes:
Next, biologists have trouble defining what a species is!
You should have trouble defining what a species is if evolution is true. The Species Problem is a strong piece of evidence in favor of evolution. Because of evolution there is no sharp dividing line between species which makes it problematic when you try to define species in a non-arbitrary and objective manner.
Yes. The species belonging to one kind will form a nested hierarchy rooted at the original created kind (Genesis Kind).
All vertebrates form a nested hierarchy, so does that mean all vertebrates, including humans, share a common ancestor?
The mistake that many evolutionists make is to extrapolate beyond this to infer universal common ancestry.
We are interpolating since all species fit into a nested hierarchy.
Edited by Taq, : No reason given.

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jar
Member (Idle past 393 days)
Posts: 34026
From: Texas!!
Joined: 04-20-2004


Message 180 of 218 (825336)
12-13-2017 11:13 AM
Reply to: Message 176 by CRR
12-13-2017 3:29 AM


Creationism is simply a really stupid fantasy
All of the evidence shows that not one of the Biblical Kinds existed for many billions, of years after the Earth was created.
Creationism is just plain stupid as well as being totally refuted by all the available evidence.

My Sister's Website: Rose Hill Studios My Website: My Website

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