What is life?

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So summarised you could say; life = organic material with a programming code with some purpose built in (duplication, survival, adaptation, energy transition etc)??.

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. Ok, but the "code" for all known life forms is not a "program": it is the synthesis of a prior existing natural system. Then we go to the first form of life... Which was the natural system that furnished its code? It was a life, a half life, or a non-living system? How it emitted its code to the primordial soup? Which were the natural systems at that soup?There is no doubt that the producer of the first biological system (aka terrestrian life) was this astronomical system surrounding us to which Earth belongs as a part of it. Because Earth alone have no important properties of life, like self-reproduction. If the solar system has no all required forces and elements for building the first biological life, then, we need look to the galaxy. If still is missing some force or element, there is no other alternative than looking for the Universe. But our calculations suggests that this "code" exists at all these natural systems, included atoms systems, so, while biological life is based on DNA, universal life is based on a Matrix/DNA.Following this line of reasoning, the Matrix/DNA Theory arrived to a never imagined before solution : LUCA, the last universal common ancestor never existed at Earth, but, the Earth was part of it. We included the theoretical model of LUCA, a natural system half-mechanical, half-biological. It is the building block of galaxies but in the way that nucleotides of DNA is a building block of humans.There is no way for a exactly definition of life by the same motive pointed by RAZD in the electromagnetic spectrum which also we can point it at a human body... there is no an exactly moment that separates the shape of a teenager from an adult, or a baby from a child. What we call "life" is only the biological organization of matter, but there is life also at electromagnetic organization, as the astronomical mechanical organization. What is a continuum of transformations can not be separated into exactly parts.And since that the definition of life pulls the issue about life origins, at Matrix/DNA Theory we arrived to a definition: life began when waves of light penetrated dark matter and they began interactions. Because we discovered that the first emanation of the code for life in this Universe was in shape of a light wave, and the first "material life", was the small amount carried by light plus mass coming from dark matter. It is like a computer and a human consciousness: mass furnished the hardware ( which can be the brain) and light the software ( which can be the mind).The first wave of light was here at the moment of the Big Bang. So it came from beyond this Universe and so, the answer for "what is life" ill not be find inside this Universe. We will need waiting for NASA and its spacecrafts.

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doesn't mean that computer code and DNA code are the same thing.

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Dwise1, I think you are very smart because few people are understanding that DNA is not a code containing an abstract or supernatural design, it is a real thing as synthesis of real things. But,... DNA is merely a temporary shape - at a biological organization or dimension of matter - of a deeper thing that penetrates in to cosmological evolution - which I prefer to call it "Matrix/DNA", and this "matrix" first presence in this Universe was in shape of light waves... so... it is right to say that in relation to our perceptible universe the DNA is not a code, but in relation to the " before" and beyond the Universe we does not know what it is - could be a code by a God... or not.About the difference between the DNA's program and the programs permitted by von Neumann designed computer, it has its roots in an equal difference between the purpose of pure matter and the purpose of the unknown thing that generated the Universe. John von Neumann was representing matter and DNA is representing the unknown creator. Matter alone has as supreme goal the singularity at thermodynamic equilibrium. This is the state of 95% of this Universe which is dark matter ( which sometimes is called also as spatial substance, as the ether, or the mass effect Higg's field.) But, when light waves penetrates this inertial dark matter it imprints dynamics, movements, with another goal: organization of matter/energy into systems each time more complex by evolution.So, dark matter and von Neumann natural goal is the direction towards eternal closed systems, while light and the universe's creator wants opened systems under evolution. The unique possibility for matter getting its supreme goal is in cosmological evolution, at the phase of astronomical systems. Neither atomic or biological systems permit it. And matter got its goal when built the building block for astronomical systems - which formula is at my website. Since that the Universe and its creator - amore strong force than the force of galaxies - does not permit eternal closed systems, Nature applied the Clausius Law - second law of thermodynamics, measured by entropy, upon those building blocks, and then, we had the Fall.... towards microscopically biological systems, the sons of necessity.Then, the astronomical closed system became a kind of our ancestral fossil, inside which body we flourishes as flourishes' bacteria inside humans bodies. This fossil became the under-structure, the foundations, the skeleton, upon which should evolves the soft biological systems, like upon our skeleton there is the coverture of soft meat and then, the mind as the set of thoughts. This structure or universal architecture is merely physical and mechanics as a closed system, which can be theorized and translated by Mathematics logics... and the mathematical "genius" brain of von Neumann was modelled by genes encrypted into our Matrix/DNA that comes from this astronomical ancestor. So, we had the von Neumann computer architecture, a representant at Earth of the sinner closed system from the sky.That's the explanation why the von Neumann mind was so " could" with no human traits as emotions, empathy. Neumann was choosing Kyoto for bombing and then, killing more people by square meter, and Neumann insisted to American military for bombing The Soviet Union. The goal of dark matter/selfish closed system has no other considerations than its own systemic equilibrium.Today lots of people are discovering that Neumann computers' architecture is not the most appropriated for Humanity benefits. The best criticism of Neumann design that I know is the paper from John Backus, " Can Programming Be Liberated from the von Neumann Style? A Functional Style and Its Algebra of Programs" at Page not found : Stanford University .Finally: The code that can runs Neumann designed computers is mimicking a natural and real code, but not equal the DNA's code. It is mimicking an ancestral code that emerged 10 billion years ago from the most perfect closed system built in Nature, a kind of perfect machine almost as a perpetual motor. Although this code is encrypted inside our DNA it is not being expressed, so called " junk DNA". The DNA's code is more complex and about opened systems. That's why the binary digit is a kind of non-creative mind while the biological brain ( a seven variables code) produces an opened creative mind. ( Don't forget that my says here is not what I believe, but what is suggesting the models from Matrix/DNA Theory's world view. Cheers