- Why are all galaxies not spinning in the same direction (conserved momentum)? - "we are working on it..."
Nobody's working on it. There's nothing to work on. Conservation of angular momentum does not require all galaxies (or any system) to spin in the same direction, it requires that the total angular momentum not change in the absence of outside influences (and I'm not sure it even applies to the Universe as described by general relativity). Have you calculated the total angular momentum of the Universe at different points in time and found a disparity?
- How can distance be measured in light years when the speed of light is subject to gravity... etc.?
Again nobody's working on that. The speed of light measured in any frame is a constant and not subject to gravity. The direction of light is subject to gravity.